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Abstract

The flow capacity of the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River has declined substantially for the effects of reservoir regulation, higher concentration of channel sedimentation, reduced upstream inflow, and increased demand for water resources downstream. This has resulted in frequent flooding and ice-related incidents, which severely threaten downstream safety. Accordingly, this paper proposes flow-capacity limitations on the basis of a standardized dike design to acquire optimal safety overflow for the upstream of Yellow River. First, historical data (1946-2012) from six hydrological stations (S1-S6) are collected, and flow capacities covering 1965-2006 (Data 1) and 2007-2010 (Data 2) are compared. Second, flow-capacity models based on standardized dikes are established for the studied river stretch (Data 3: 2011-2012) and solved using three methods: water level and flow relationships (MD1), velocity-area method (MD2), and Manning resistance equation (MD3). Third, the applicability of the models is verified. The results indicate that MD1 is consistently superior to MD2 and MD3. Last, this study determines that using MD1 with standardized dikes can increase the maximum flow at S3, S5, and S6 in the NingxiaInner Mongolia reaches to 8,920, 9,000, and 8,290 m3 /s, respectively. The paper contributes to water and sediment regulation in the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reaches, with pivotal practical approaches for improving the flood-discharge capacity and constructing standardized dikes in the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reaches of the upper Yellow River.

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