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Abstract

This study presents a velocity-based egress model, which takes into account different aspects of human behavior in an emergency situation, for the evacuation analysis on passenger ships. It was supposed that the egress model consists of three behaviors: individual, crowd, and emergency behavior. The individual behavior was represented by the body shape, walking speed, walking direction, and rotation of each passenger. The basic walking direction of each passenger was obtained as a solution to the shortest distance route to a destination using a visibility graph. The crowd behavior of the passengers was composed of two components: one is a flock behavior, a form of collective behavior of a large number of interacting passengers with a common group objective, and the other is a leaderfollowing behavior, which causes one or more passengers to follow another moving passenger who is designated as the leader. The emergency behavior of the passengers was represented by a counterflow-avoiding behavior to avoid collision with other passengers walking in the opposite direction. Eleven basic tests and 2 examples specified in International Maritime Organization Maritime Safety Committee/Circulation 1238 were conducted, and it was confirmed that all the requirements of such tests had been met.

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