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Abstract

The ever expanding fields of UW (underwater) optics cover principal measurements of the optical properties of the sea, development of new methods of monitoring optical properties, techniques for measurements of organisms or structures in the sea and the development and application of optical instrumentation. In this respect, ocean optics is a multidisciplinary (and multinational) endeavour of science and engineering. Ocean optics has applications in the study of upwelling irradiance and chlorophyll concentrations in the ocean, in the penetration of solar radiation in shallow shelf seas and how this influences temperature profiles and ultimately its effect on sound propagation. Recent development in optical holography allow underwater visual inspection and precision measurements, estimation of the biological diversity of ocean plankton and benthos. One requirement is the development of high-resolution tools for the imaging of specimens in the field. We review here current developments of ocean optics as an integrative tool of biological oceanography that holds for surveys in the field as for laboratory studies.

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